Combined lock and latch



' 2 Sheets-Sheet l.

S. L. POWELL.

COMBINED LOCK AND LATCH.

(Model.)

@www e oo @o (Moden.) 2 sheets-sheet 2. S. L. POWELL.

COMBINED LOOK AND LATCH.

No. 366,506. Patented July 12, 1887.

N PETERS. Photo-whagmpmr. washingmn, D. C,

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

SAMUEL L. POVELL, OF LEVISTOVN, MARYLAND.

COMBINED LOCK AND LATCH.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 366,506, dated July 12, 1887.

Application filed April 30, 1ES7. Serial No. 236,646. (Model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, SAMUEL L. POWELL, a citizen of the United States, residing at Lewis town, in the county of Frederick and State of Maryland, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Combined Locks and Latches, of which the following isa full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to combined locks and latches designed, primarily, for doors, and in which a single bolt serves the purpose of both the latching-bolt and locking-bolt.

The object of the invention is to conceal the locking mechanism as much as possible; and to this end the said locking mechanism is arranged Within the knob-spindle.

The invention consist-s in certain combinations, and also certain constructions of mechanism, substantially as hereinafter more particularly set forth and claimed.

'In the accompanying drawings, in the several igures of which like parts are similarly designated, Figure 1 is a vertical section of the case and spindle applied to a door. Fig. 2 is a cross section in the center of the spindle. Fig. 3 is a plan ofthe spindle detached. Fig. 4 shows the halves of the spindle in perspective and elevation, respectively. Fig. 5 is a perspective View of one of the tumblers. Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the key. Fig. 7 is a longitudinal section of the spindle. Fig. 8is a similar view of a modification, and Fig. 9 is an elevation of a modified form of the lock with the cap removed.

I have shown myinvention applied to a mortise-lock; but do notlimitits application to that one form of lock, but for sake of convenience will describe the invention as applied to a mortise-lock.

a is the ease, by preference having guides b, forming a Way for the'bolt c.

d d are tumblers, any suitable number of which may be used, and which tumblers are preferably connected to the bolt by a ball-andsocket joint, c. rlhe rear ends of the tumblers are provided Wit-h Wardsf, which are dogged by the piece g on the lock-case to lock the bolt, and which enter recesses 7L on opposite sides of the piece g to permit the bolt to be retracted. The tumblersrl are spring-pressed by any suitable arrangement of springs, the spring 1'., Figs. l and 5, heilig` shown as'secured to the forward end of the tumbler, with its free end bearing against thelock-ease. The spring z" is fastened to the lock-case, and its free end bears against the rear end of the tumbler; or, as shown in Fig. 9, the tumblers may be connected by links i2 to a coiled spring, fi, common to all the tumblers; and in this arrangenlent the spring i will be secured to a post, i", fast to the lock-case, and its outer and free end will be engaged by thelinksz'2 2. Olher forms ofspring for the tumblers may be employed.

The bolt is herein shown as normally projected in two different manners, but others may be used. In Fig. l an expansion coiled spring, j, is interposed between the bolt and astationary part, j', of the case. In Fig. 9 the spring i3, by means of links i2, connecting it with the tumblers d, which are in turn connected to the bolt, serves to project the bolt.

The locking of the bolt is effected by mechanism which prevents the rotation of the knobspindle, and the preferred locking mechanism for this spindle may be any of the Well-known forms of pin-locks,7 so called. The spindle k is constructed to receive a pin-lock, A, and the key to this pin-lock may be introduced from either or both sides ol" the lock in a vertical direction, as indicated in Figs. 2, 3, 4, and 7, or may be introduced longitudinally of the spindle through the knob, as indicated in Fig. 8.

I will specially describe the construction of spindle for use with a key such as shown in Figs. 2 and 6. The spindle is made iu two or more parts. (See details in Figs. 3, 4, and 7 The spindle is divided longitudinally into halves, and each half is provided with recesses Z on opposite sides of the partitions Z', which when the halves are united form cavities to receive the pins of the pin-lock. These cavities may be subdivided into as many distinct sockets as there are pins used,or the pins may be set in cavities common to all. Longitudinal recesses m are made on opposite sides of the pin-sockets,with openings mm in the periphery of the spindle. falls m2 close that side of the recess m opposite. the openings m', and opposite the Walls m other Walls, m, are

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provided, the edges 'of which next to the recess m are inclined or curved, substantially as indicated in Figs. 2 and-4. The recess m and openings m form key-holes for the entrance of the key n, shaped substantially as indicated in Figs. 2 and 6. The walls mz and m3 guide the key n to the pins when downward pressure is applied to said key. The nose a of the key is elevated somewhat above a median line of its longitudinal portion, and said nose is beveled, so that the said key acts as a wedge to separate the pins and throw them. Vhen the key is inserted, the pins are thrown up and into engagement with the tu mblers and acting upon them, so as to vplace them in alignment with the recesses h, and then the said pins engaging the wards f of the tumblers, by rotation of the spindle the bolt may be operated. Vhen,

\ however, the key is withdrawn, the pin-lock is disengaged from the tumblers of the bolt c, and said bolt is held immovable. In other words, the lock is operated by inserting the key, and becomes inoperative by. withdrawing the key, in the sense just indicated.

' The parts shown in Fig. V4., which, with the pins, may constitute the pin-lock, may be made so as to be driven into place in a tubular spindle, `substantially as indicated in Figs. 2 and 3; or said parts may be simply vhalves of the spindle itself, as indicated in Figs. 1, 7, and 8; and in the latter case, of course, the tubular portion of the spindle will be dispensed with. In Figs. 2 and 3 I have indicated the tubular part of the spindle by the letter 7c.

The halves of the spindle may be united byA bands 0., secured thereupon in any. suitable manner. In Fig. 2, at the left, Ihave shown the band o as driven or shrunk upon the spindle, and atthe right of said figure I have shown the band secured thereto by ascrew, o. W'ith either construction the bands lo will fit into hubs p of the escutcheons p, and the said escutcheons and bands will then form stops to center the spindle in the lock and hold it in proper position, preventing longitudinal displacement.

When the spindle is made hollow or tubular, the knobs q may have shanks q,which are driven into the said tubularspindle, and when the spindle is constructed as in Figs. 7 and 8 its endsimay be squared, and the knobs provided with sockets to engage such squared ends and be united thereto by screws g2, as usual.

The pin-lock may be constructed to be operated from one side of the door only, or it may be arranged,'as herein shown, to be operated from both sides of the door.

The key-holes may be arranged on the normally-uppermost surfaces of the spindle, or they may be arranged on the lowermost surfaces; or the pin-lock may be provided with reverse angled keys, so that it may be operated, for example, from the outside by inserting the key from below the spindle, in which case the key-hole would be protected from the weather,while the inside key-hole may be uppermost, and the key may remain therein permanently.

As pin locks are in common use and well known, I do not deem it necessary to enter into 'the details of their construction, particularly so as nothing special in their construction is of this present invention, except the means employed for adapting such pin-locksA to a lock of the character of the present invention.

I have shown the right-hand end of Fig. 8 as provided with a further modification of thev key. The key therein shown is designed to remain permanently in the spindle, and is applied to the spindle before the knob is attached to the spindle, the key-hole m in this case extending to the end of the spindle. The key may be provided with a handle or pushpiece, n2, projecting out of the key-hole and above the spindle; or the key may be provided with a pin, n3, extending laterally therefrom `and projecting through slots n4 in the spindle.

By arranging the inside key permanently in the spindle the annoyance of loss of keys is avoided.

What I claim is- .y

1. A combined lock and latch, comprising a bolt to serve both as a latching and locking bolt, spring tumblers connected therewith, and a knob-spindle provided with a pin-lock co-operating with said tumblers to normally lock said bolt, and operated upon by its key to actuate the tumblers by the rotation of the spindle to unlock or retract the bolt and permit its free use as a latch, substantially as described. v

2. A combined lock and latch, comprising a bolt, tumblers connected therewith, a spring secured to the lockcase and connected by links with the tumblers, a knob-spindle, a pinlock arranged in said knob-spindle to co-operate with the tumblers, and a key for said pin'- lock, which, when inserted in the lock, permits the free use ofthe lock as a latch, andv which, when withdrawn, automatically locks the bolt by'rendering the knob non-rotating, substantially as described.

3. A combined lock and latch provided with a bolt and connected tumblers, a spring operating thereupon to normally throw the bolt, combined lwith a knob-spindle divided longitudinally, and provided with recesses for the reception of a pin-lock, and with longitudinal key-holes for the use of the pin-lock key, and

-a key for such vpin-lock, substantially as described.

4. A combined lock and latch provided with a bolt and connected tumblers, a spring operating thereupon to normally throwthev bolt, combined with a knob-spindle divided longitudinally, and provided with recesses for the reception of a pin-lock, and with longitudinal key-holes opening on the periphery of the spindle for the use of the pin-lock key,

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and an angular keyfor such pin-look, substanmovement of the spindle, substantially as de- :o tially as described. scribed.

5. A combined lock andlatch having abolt In testimony whereof I have hereunto set and tumblers, combined with a knob-spindle my hand this 26th day of April, A. D. 1887. 5 divided longitudinally into halves to receive a pin-look, escutoheons having tubular hubs, SAMUEL L' POVELL' and bands encircling said divided spindle and vVitnesses: uniting its halves, and arranged in the hubs JOEL SWARTZ,

of said escutcheons to prevent longitudinal E. EVERETT HosHoUR. 

